The study analyses human capital in developing countries and identifies key challenges and opportunities for improvement. I emphasize the importance of human capital as a major driver of economic growth and social stability. The focus is on the lack of investment in education, health and the labour market, which limit the development of human capital. Applying statistical analysis and case study methodology, I identify key trends such as limited access to resources, regional differences and the success of individual countries in implementing human capital development programmers. The results of the study emphasize that a comprehensive approach is needed to address the identified challenges and opportunities. Highlighting the importance of government support, international co-operation and social investment shows the need for coordinated efforts. The study demonstrates that sustainable economic growth and social stability in developing countries is possible through an effective human capital development strategy. Thus, emphasizing the need for an integrated approach to human capital development that includes state support, international cooperation and social investment. These measures can contribute to sustainable economic growth and social stability in developing countries.